Comparative Analysis of Serum Uric Acid Levels in Hypertensive Patients With and Without Chronic Kidney Disease

Original Article

Abstract

Background: High blood pressure is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to elevated serum uric acid levels, which are a marker for kidney disease. Nonetheless, few studies compare blood pressure between CKD patients with and without hypertension. 

 Objective: To determine the difference in serum uric acid levels between hypertensive patients with CKD and those without, and to assess the role of each in the development of complications. 

 Methodology: A total of 180 hypertensive patients aged 30–65 years (mean age: 47.5 ± 8.2 years) were included in the study. The participants were divided into two groups: hypertensive patients with CKD (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m²) and hypertensive patients without CKD. Subsequently, SUA, serum creatinine, and eGFR were analyzed. Statistical analyses involved the determination of the mean differences and correlations.

 Results: out of 180 Patients with CKD and hypertension had a higher mean age of SUA (7.8 ± 1.3 mg/dL) compared to patients without CKD (5.6 ± 1.1 mg/dL, p<0.001).  With higher levels of eGFR, SUA concentration drops (r = -0.42, p<0.01). No significant differences were noted in relation to sex.  In the CKD group, the serum creatinine concentration was also higher (1.7 ± 0.4 mg/dL) compared to the control group (0.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Hypertensive patients with CKD demonstrate significantly elevated SUA levels, suggesting that SUA may contribute to renal dysfunction. Routine monitoring of SUA could facilitate earlier detection of kidney involvement in hypertensive patients.