Journal of Pak International Medical College (JPIMC) — Digital Booklet

Volume 3 • Issue 3 • July–September 2026

Abstract

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Journal of Pak International Medical College (JPIMC)
Volume 3, Issue 3 | July–September 2026

1. Strengthening Primary Healthcare: From Curative to Promotive Care
Authors: Nawaz R
Pages: 1–2

2. Generative Artificial Intelligence in Internal Medicine: Applications in Clinical Reasoning, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Decision-Making
Authors: Khan MS, Rabbi F, Khan IA, Khan UA
Pages: 3–9

3. Utility of the Triglyceride Glucose Index and Atherogenic Lipid Indices in Differentiating Type 2 Diabetic Patients With and Without Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Ali S, Ishaq BH, Ullah U, Ali Z, Rahman UU, Khan AS
Pages: 10–15

4. Prevalence and Factors Associated With Poor Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fazli R, Khan MS, Shah Z, Murad A
Pages: 16–20

5. Prevalence, Pattern and Association of Refractive Error With Determinants Among School-Going Children of Peshawar
Authors: Junaid N, Noor S, Sethi MJ, Ishtiaq M, Bilal S, Junaid A
Pages: 21–24

6. Exploring the Reasons Behind Delay in Detection of Cervical Cancer in Pakistani Population
Authors: Khan B, Noor S, Istafa L, Kausar A
Pages: 25–29

7. Outcomes After Lumbar Microdiscectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Shah SN, Ali R, Haq NU, Ishaq M
Pages: 30–33

8. Frequency and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Skin Complications Following Elective General Surgery: Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Mabood W, Azeem SMI, Muhammad S, Ahmad SU, Rahman SS, Kalim M
Pages: 34–38

9. Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Financial Hardship: A Patient-Centered Analysis From a Middle-Income Country
Authors: Haq NU, Shah SN, Ishaq M, Ali R, Khan UZ, Essa M
Pages: 39–45

10. Association of C-Reactive Protein and Fibrinogen With Metabolic and Cardiovascular Risk Parameters Among Diabetic Patients With and Without Cardiac Disease
Authors: Ishaq BH, Shabir M, Sarfaraz Z, Ali Z, Ahmed M, Ali S
Pages: 52–59

11. Frequency and Association of Low Birth Weight Babies With Important Risk Factors Among Term Pregnancies Visiting a Private Health Care Facility
Authors: Amin S, Jabeen M, Ishtiaq M, Junaid N, Nisa ZU, Khattak JA
Pages: 46–51

12. Exploring the Risks of Postoperative Surgical Site Infection After Craniotomy: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Ishaq M, Haq NU, Shah SN, Ali R
Pages: 60–64

13. Prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Its Associated Lifestyle Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sumayya, Syed MS, Saleem J, Safi S, Nawaz S
Pages: 65–69

14. Contrast-Enhanced MRI in the Preoperative Evaluation of Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Noor S, Khan B, Istafa L, Mushraf M, Nasir F
Pages: 70–73

15. Association of Serum Adiponectin With Cardiac Enzymes in Diabetic Patients Having Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Durrani S, Rahman UU, Ubaidullah, Khattak N, Ubaidullah S
Pages: 74–77

16. Incidence and Factors Associated With Prosthetic Joint Infection Following Hip or Knee Revision Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Khan Z, Zia A, Swati AA
Pages: 78–82

17. Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections and Their Associated Risk Factors in Antenatal Women Attending OPD
Authors: Syed M, Sumayya, Saleem J, Safi S, Nawaz S
Pages: 83–87

18. Surgical Management of Cervical Disc Herniation in a Resource-Limited Setting: Outcomes and Challenges
Authors: Ali R, Shah SN, Haq NU, Ishaq M, Ahmad A
Pages: 88–94

19. Morphometric Study of the Vertebral Artery and Its Anatomical Variations in the Cervical Spine Using CT Angiography as a Diagnostic Tool: Implications for Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Summaya, Halima A
Pages: 95–99

20. The Emergence of Tertiary Syphilis With Extensive Scalp Involvement: A Case Report
Authors: Hussain SM, Ali L
Pages: 100–102

21. Comparative Evaluation of Hysterosalpingography (HSG) and Diagnostic Hystero-Laparoscopy in Female Subfertility and Their Impact on Natural Conception Rates and Detection of Pelvic and Tubal Pathologies
Authors: Zulfiqar S, Zulfiqar S, Rana AA, Javed A, Durrani TA
Pages: 103–107

22. Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Jami A, Ahmed S, Ali A, Khan M
Pages: 108–113

23. Predictors of Mortality in ICU Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections
Authors: Ali A, Khan M, Jami A, Ahmed S
Pages: 114–119

24. Predictive Value of the INR-to-Platelet Ratio (INPR) for Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Ehsan H, Mehwish R, Khan DS, Razzaq YA, Hafeez F, Hameed S
Pages: 120–124

25. Effect of Bile Spillage During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy on Postoperative Infection
Authors: Asjad M, Gulzar MR, Ali N, Badar MU, Ali M, Sattar H
Pages: 125–129

26. Local Versus Systemic Analgesia in Pain Management of Post-Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients
Authors: Khattak IA, Khan MI, Alam SI, Hussain N
Pages: 130–135

27. Effect of Gabapentin on Opioid Requirements in Patients Undergoing Total Abdominal Hysterectomy
Authors: Sifatullah A, Khan MJ, Maqsood S, Khan P, Wadood F, Naz U
Pages: 136–140

28. Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Early Renal Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Muzammil M, Nadeemullah, Gardazi A, Sreena M, Nasir SA, Areej K
Pages: 141–147

29. Histopathological Differences Between Atrophic and Progressive Primary Pterygium: A Clinicopathological Correlation Study
Authors: Aman S, Khalil S, Sameen S, Nasrullah A, Rafique A, Noor M
Pages: 148–154

30. Relationship of Environmental Exposure With Clinical Morphology of Primary Pterygium in Pakistani Adults
Authors: Khalil S, Aman S, Sameen S, Kiran N
Pages: 155–161

31. Frequency of Diabetic Nephropathy Using Renal Resistive Index in Type 2 Diabetics With Normal Albuminuria
Authors: Ahmed S, Jami A, Khan M, Ali A
Pages: 162–167

32. Time From Injury to Surgery in ACL Reconstruction and Its Impact on Meniscal and Chondral Damage at Arthroscopy: A Retrospective Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Shabir M, Anwar W, Waqar M, Islam UU
Pages: 168–172

33. Comprehensive Evaluation of Tetralogy of Fallot: Superior Diagnostic Performance and Clinical Utility of MDCT Compared With Echocardiography
Authors: Ziaullah, Khattak K, Tayyaba
Pages: 173–179