Effect of bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy on post-operative infection.

Original Article

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy on post-operative infection.

Methodology: This Cross Sectional Comparative Study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital, Gujrat, from January 2026 to March 2026. A total of 120 individuals undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in this study. Participants were equally divided into two groups: Group A, comprising patients who experienced bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and Group B, comprising patients without bile spillage. Standard laparoscopic techniques were used for cholecystectomy. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0.

Results: Among 120 patients, 60 experienced bile spillage and 60 did not. Mean age was comparable (41.3 vs. 40.2 years). Postoperative pain was greater initially with spillage but became no significant after 24 hours. Analgesic requirements were higher (59% vs. 34%), and hospital stay was longer, while postoperative fever and surgical-site infection showed no significant differences.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that Intraoperative bile spillage after laparoscopic cholecystectomy may increase rescue analgesic doses, a longer hospital stay, delayed ambulation, and increased early postoperative pain.